Khangthak leh Kikhekna

  

Pum Khan Pau

Post-Doctoral Fellow, Arizona State University, Arizona, USA

Khang (generation) khat I cih pen mihing khat nuntak hun sung (life span) hilo hi; tua hi leh khang khat kum 60-80 kikal pawlin kibulh thei hi. Sociologist-te ngaihsutna ah hun khat sunga suak leh nungta mite a lompi-a genna pen khang khat hi, ci hi. Tua khang khat hun pen mi khat in ama suah hun leh ta neih kikal hi-a, a tangpi-in kum 20-30 bangin kituat hi. Tuhun leitung khantohna tawh kituakin khang khat hun sung a sauna zong kibang kimlo hi. Gentehna-in khamtung/singtanggam lokhawhna ah pilna siamna sin phot ni cih bang omlo ahih manin khangno khat in zi/pasal leh ta neih baih ding a khak omlo-a, a hoihzaw-in zong kingaihsun hi. Tua bang mun ah kum 20 phakma nangawnin zi/pasal nei-in ta nei zong om hi; tua sang kum tawmzaw-a ta nei zong om hi. Tua pa/nu khang khat hun pen kum 20 sung cihna hi. Ahih hangin khuapi ah mite in khangno hunin pilna leh siamna sin ahih manin kum 25-30/35 a phak ciangin zi/pasal nei-in ta nei pan hi; tua sang a nei hakzaw zong om lai hi. Zi/pasal a nei vetlote bel thutuam hi. Tua ahih manin khang khat hun sau leh tom ding pen omna mun leh khantohna in zong sai mahmah hi.

     Sociologist minthang Karl Mannheim in khang khat sungah a kibang na nam thum gen hi: khatna, suah hun/mun kibang; nihna, hun huampi khat sungah tangthu kibang; thumna, tangpi nuntakna/ngeina kibang. Khang kibangte’ ngaihsutna, thumuhna, thutheihna leh buainate kibang hamtang hi. August Comte in khang a kilaih ciangin tangpi kikhekna om hi, ci hi. A ngaihsuthuai mahmah thu in, khang kilaih ciang kikhekna a om tawh kituakin buaina zong om hi. Khangthak leh khanglui ngaihsutna, thumuhna, ukna, deihna, lunglutna, kivakna, pilna-siamnate kibang nawnlo ahih manin khang khat leh khang khat kikalah buaina leh kitelkhialhna om thei hi. Hih pen Zomite adingin man takpi hiam cih a nuai-a thute panin I en ding hi.

Lokho khang (farming generation)

Zomite tangthu I kan ciangin I nuntakna bulpi leh kingaknapi pen lokhawhna leh gankhawina (farming) hi. Tua bang nuntakna sungah khang tampi I om khinzo-a, tuni dongin mi tampitakte kingakna tua mah hilai hi. Kum 1900 khit ciangin missionary-te leh British kumpi hong bawlsak pilna sanginn-te hangin laipilna lamah tawmtawm lut thei-in a hampha diakte in tua lampi tawnin lokhawhna panin laipilna tawh kumpi nasepna ngahin amau nuntakna kingakna bulpi kikhel hi. Christian biakna hong tun ciangin biakna pawlpite khangin tua hangin biakna kipawlna sungah a sem pastor hong om ciangin tua tawh nuntak nekzonna kilamdang zong om hi. Ahih hangin tua bang hamphatna pen mi khempeuh in a ngah hilo hi. Tuni dongin tu leh hei tawh singnuai gammual ah nekzong tampitak I omlai manin khang kilaihlaih ta leh tua in nuntakna hong khel nailoh tampi ki-om lai hi. Tua ahih manin khang a kilaih hangin nuntakna kikheklo Zomi tampitak ki-om lai hi, ci leng kikhiallo ding hi. I nuntak nekzonna nasep a kilaih loh hangin thumuhna, thutheihna, pilna-siamna leh lungsim puakzia kilaih theilua ahih manin tuhun Zomite in tuabang a pian theihna dingin I khantohna a tonkhop theihna dingin kizopna/kithuzakna I lim bawl ding thupi hi.

Lai thei khang (Literate generation)

Missionary leh British kumpi-te hong pattahna banah tuhun hong uk kumpite (Burma & India) nuai-ah lai pilna I sin theih manin tuni-in Zomi tampitak lai thei I suakta hi. Lai thei I cih ciangin lai pilna sang neite a gen nuam I hipah kei hi. Lai tawh kiho thei ciang (literate) a cinuam ihi hi. Lai tawh I kiho theih manin thutheihna leh thumuhna zong tampitak khangin lungsim puakzia kilaih hi. Laisimna tungtawnin Pasian thu I thei-a, leitung thupiangte leh khantohna leh siatnate zong I thei hi. Lai in lungsim hon honsakin khuamuhna tangzaisak hi. Tuhun Zomite lakah lai a sim theilo tawm mahmahta ding ahih manin Lai thei khang sungah khang tampitak om a ci nuam ka hi hi. Lai theihna in nuntak kingakna bulpi lokhawh-gankhawina panin hong suaktasak pah tuanlo ahih lam zong I ciamteh ding hi. Tua ahih manin lai thei khang sunga omte zong lokho khang sung mah ah kibualbual thei lai veve ahih lam phawk ni. I nuntakna kingakna bangbang ahizongin nuntakna hong kikheksak ding pen leitung thu leh la tawh kizopna hi ding hi. Khuamuhna leh thutheihna a kibehlap/khang ngei kei leh khantohna/kikhekna piang theilo hi.

Thuthei khang (Informed generation)

Leitungah khantohna a pianna ding leh a kithehzakna dinga a manlangsak penpen information. Thu theihna dingin kan kula, a kan zote in ngah hi. Thu ngahna dingin hong kipiaksawn kisam hi. Tuabanga thu kipiasawn a ngahte in thei (informed) hi. Tua a kipiasawn thu pen a namtuamtuam hi ding hi. Thu kipiaksawnna ding vanzat pen a hunzui-in kilamdang hi. Nidangin pu leh pate in khamtungah thu kizaksakna dinga a zat pen ki-kutsan (ki-otsan), khut kawi mut, meihal/meikhu, tangko, singlong, pengkul, nahteh mut cih bangin a nam tuamtuam na zang hi. Hihte tungtawnin khuasung/vengsun thu kipiasawn/khaksawn uh hi. Leitung khantohna tawh kituakin laikhak, radio, telegram (sikkhau sat) te kizang leuleu hi. Tua panin newspaper, landline telephone, television hun hong tung hi. Kithuzakna vanzat (information technology) pen a hunzui-in a hoihzaw leh manlangzaw piangpiang ahih manin tuhunin mobile phone, computer leh internet hangin leitung thupiang (events) leh thutheihna (knowledge) pen I gei-a om bangin kingah lianlian theita hi. Tuabang khantohna tawh a tonkhawm mite pen thuthei khang mite ahi hi. Khang khat sungah om khawm ciatciat pen hih khantohna hangin theihna leh khuamuhna kibanglo pah hi. Ahih hangin kithuzakna vanzat (information technology) hanga khantohna khempeuh a hoih hikhin tuanlo hi. Tua tungtawnin thumanpha leh khantohna ding thute a kingah bangin leitung siatna leh hong siasak thei ding thute zong kingah khawm hi. Tua ahih manin ama khang tawh kituaka khantohna a zang siam leh a zangkhialte kilamdang hi.

A khang a khangin…

A tunga pan I gennop pen bangzahtakin khang thak piangin khang kilaihlaih ta leh leitung khantohna tawh kituaka kikhek ding a thupi hi-a, i kikhek sawm kei leh sociologist-te gen bangin khang a kilaih hangin kikhekna om tuanlo ding hi.  Leitung pilna leh khantohna hihzatakin a manlang laitakin kuamah tawh a kikawmlo gamsung mi South America gam a Amazon gammang ah tampitak om lai hi. Tuate in nikten puansilh gina zong silh nailo hi. A khang uh bel kilaihlaih hi, ahih hangin a nuntakna uh kikhek theilo hi. Amau guak tuam tenin midang tawh kizopna a neihloh manuh hi.

     Zomite lakah zong a tuantual deuh a om lohna dingin mun dang tawh kikawmna leh kithuzakna lam I thupi bawl ding tuhunin gam tuamtuam ah a kikhen eite adingin thupi mahmah hi. Tua mah bangin bangzahtakin khantohna leh kilaihna in hong nawk ta leh tua tawh I kikhek sawm tuan kei leh tua hun sunga om khang mite ihih hangin khantohna/kikhekna in hong makhelh veve ding hi. Khang kikhekna (generational change) bek in hong kilamdangsaklo dinga, I kilamdanna dingin a hunzui-a kikhekna (historical change) tawh I tonkhop ding kisam hi. Khantohna kibangkim thei kei taleh mainawt khawm Zomite I suah theihna dingin a hampha diakte in minam veina leh khualna tawh a tuantual zaw deuhte makaih/tawdom ding kisam hi.

Kikhekna I deih hiam?

Ei leh ei I kidotnop in: Zomite a khang a khangin I kilamdang hiam? A khang a khangin khantohna hoihlam I manawh hiam? A khang a khangin tangthu limci ciamteh tham I bawlzo hiam? A khang a khangin ki-itna leh kipawlna lamah I khangto hiam? A khang a khangin leitung khantohna, leitung pilna leh Pasian thu ah I picing tetek hiam? Zomite a ki-it khang, a kipawlkhawm thei khang, a kipahtawi khang, a kideihsak khang ihi nuam hiam?

     Khang khat panin khang khatah kikhekna om theilua hi. A kikheklo khang (stagnant generation) pen a kikhek khang (changed generation) tawh I laih ding thupi hi. Mimal, innkuan leh minam in I ngaihsut ding thu lian ahi hi. Pate khang ah genthei mahmah leh mite simmawh ihih hangin tate khang ah mi cithei leh gual tungtuang thei hihang i cih ngam ding kisam hi. Na pa’ khang ah na gentheih manin nang hun ciangin genthei lailai ding cihna omlo hi. Tangthu kilamdang a bawl ding pen khangthak momno nang na hi hi. Tua mah bangin na pa’ khangah na nopsakna pen nang hun ciangin kizom paisuak tentan tuanlo ding hi. Tua a kizom paisuaksak ding pen nang mah na hi zel hi. Na pa’ hauhna nang behlap hetlo-in netum theizaw lel hi teh! Tua mah bangin na pa’ lam zawhloh hauhna leh pilna zong nang ngah thei veve teh! Na pu leh pate’ innkuan tangthu ginatloh manin nang a luah ding khang hunah gina theituanlo ding cihna omlo hi. Nang pen tua a ginalo a bawlpha dingin na kimuh theih ding kisam hi. Zu tawh nuntakna a zong innkuan pan a khangkhia na hih leh nang hun ciangin tua na laih ding a thupi hi. Khamtheih guihtheih leh nekguk takguk tawh nuntakna a zong innkuan pen nang hun ciangin laipilna leh thumanna tawh nuntakna a nei innkuan-in na khel thei hi. Midangte in hong khelsak ngeilo dinga, nang tua innkuan sunga khangthak momno tungah kinga bek hi.

      Pu leh pate hun ah minam kipawl theihlohna, kikhenna, ki-elna leh kilang neihna a om hangin khangthakte in tua teng kipawlna, kigawmna, nasepkhopna leh ki-itna tawh kilaih thei lua hi. Zomite a kipawl thei ngiatlo hi, mailam ah zong a tuaci ding hi hang, cih ngaihsutna pen a lelsa (defeated) ngaihsutna hi. Tuate a zo ding khangthakte lungsim leh khuamuhna thak hi. Tuhun Zomite kigensiat ding bek a siam  ihih hangin khangthak Zomite kipahtawi kihuh a siamte hi thei hi. Tuhun Zomite gam tuamtuam ah gambel suakin hehpihhuai I kisak hangin, khangthak Zomite in midangte gam panin pilna, siamna, ki-itna, kikhualna, lungsim lian leh khantohna hong sin-in a minamte adingin tuate hong zang leh gualtung vabang I tuan hun om lel ding hi, cih I um ding hi. A poimawh penpen in, nangma khang hunin na kikhelsak nuam hiam? tua bang na lunggulh leh nang tung panin kipan sak in.

     Mahatma Gandhi in leitungah kikhelna na muhnop bangin nang kikhel in (Be the change that you want to see in the world) ci hi. India gam makaipi Gandhi pen siangthona a thupisak mahmah khat hi. India gam suahtakna dingin nakpitakin a hanciam lai-in a khualzinna peuhah a vel masak khat pen dailen buk (toilet/restroom) hi-a, buahlua a sak leh kuamah sawl selo-in aman hahsiangpah hi, kici hi. Zomi khangthakte kikhekna piangsak dingin Topa in thupha hong pia dinga, tua kikhekna pen mimal pan kipanin innkuan leh minam dong a lawh hong suah ding hun I ngaklah hi.